Digital Twins for Smart Water Distribution: Diagnosis and Control

This presentation addresses the use of digital twins for the diagnosis and control of water distribution networks. It introduces the key components of the basic digital twin architecture, from the physical instrumentation and data acquisition layers to the operational intelligence layer, which integrates mathematical models with calibration mechanisms. Particular attention is paid to the instrumentation layer, whose design can be formulated as an optimal sensor and actuator placement problem. The presentation concludes with an analysis of relevant application areas, focusing on optimization and model-based strategies, such as Moving Horizon Estimation and Predictive Model Control, which position digital twins as the computational foundation for real-time decision-making in large-scale water systems with limited resources and uncertainty.

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